Terms from Lighting Technology
ATEX Lexicon.
ATEX is synonymous with the EU's ATEX guidelines. The word ATEX is composed of the French term ATmosphère EXplosibles
ATEX or EX luminaires are equipment which is approved for areas of the gas EX and dust EX zones according to the ATEX directive 2014/35 / EU. For which ATEX areas the respective operating means can be used is the ATEX marking which is mounted on the operating means.
Group I: Underground mining, M1 Ex-hazard operation / M2 Ex-hazard shutdown.
Group II: other industries, such as Chemistry, mills
The ignition point is the lowest temperature at which combustible substances (vapors, gases, dusts, etc.) start to burn with air in the right mixing ratio.
| Code number 1 - Protection against foreign bodies | Code number 2 - Protection against water | |||
| 0 | no protection | 0 | No protection | |
| 1 | Protection against solid foreign objects with Ø > 50mm | 1 | Protetcion against dripping water | |
| 2 | Protection against solid foreign objects with Ø > 12,5mm | 2 | Protetcion against falling dripping water (up to 15% inclination of the working medium) | |
| 3 | Protection against solid foreign objects with Ø > 2,5mm | 3 | Protetcion against spraying water (up to 60° vertical) | |
| 4 | Protection against solid foreign objects with Ø > 1mm | 4 | Protetcion against spraying water (from any direction) | |
| 5 | Protetcion against dust (in a harmful amount) | 5 | Protetcion against water jets (any angle) | |
| 6 | Dustproof | 6 | Protetcion against strong water | |
| 7 | Protetcion against temporary submergence | |||
| 8 | Water proof | |||
EX areas in which ex-protected equipment are operated, are classified into six temperature classes. The temperature class is the max. permissible surface temperature, which must not be reached or exceeded at + 40 ° ambient temperature at any point and never at the surface of the equipment.
| Class | Mixture temperature range | Ignition temperature of combustible substances e.g. | |
| T1 | > 450°C | Propane 510°C | |
| T2 | > 300°C- ≤ 450°C | Acetylene 305°C | |
| T3 | > 200°C - ≤ 300°C | Diesel 220°C - 300°C / Petrol 220°C - 450°C | |
| T4 | > 135°C - ≤ 200°C | Diethylether 170°C | |
| T5 | > 100°C - ≤ 135°C | ||
| T6 | > 85°C - ≤ 100°C | Carbon Monoxide 85°C |
The max. surface temperature must be less than the ignition temperature of the medium surrounding the explosion-proof equipment.
| Electrical explosion protection - basic standard Gas-Ex EN 60079-0 | |
| "d" = pressure proof encapsulation EN 60079-1 | |
| "p" = overpressure sealing EN 60079-2 | |
| "q" = sand encapsulation EN 60079-5 | |
| "o" = oil encapsulation EN 60079-6 | |
| "e" = increased safety EN 60079-7 | |
| "i" = intrinsic safety EN 60079-11 | |
| "o" = oil encapsulation EN 60079-5 | |
| "m" = Encapsulation EN 60079-18 | |
| Electrical explosion protection - Basic standard dust-Ex EN 61241-0 | |
| "tD" = Protection by housing EN 61241-1 | |
| "pD" = Overpressure protection EN 61241-2 | |
| "iD" = intrinsic safety EN 61241-11 | |
| "mD" = Encapsulation EN 61241-18 |
| GAS Zones | |
| GAS Zone 0 / Cat. 1G | Area in the explosive atmosphere as a mixture of air and combustible gases, vapors or mists, for long periods or frequently. |
| GAS Zone 1 / Cat. 2G | Area in which an explosive atmosphere can occasionally form as a mixture of air and combustible gases, vapors or mists during normal operation. |
| GAS Zone 2 / Cat. 3G | Area in which an explosive atmosphere as a mixture of air and combustible gases, vapors or mists does not occur normally or only briefly during normal operation. |
| DUST Zones | |
| DUST Zone 20 / Cat. 1D | Area in the explosive atmosphere as a mixture of air and combustible gases, vapors or mists, for long periods or frequently. |
| DUST Zone 21 / Cat. 2D | Area in which an explosive atmosphere can sometimes form as a mixture of air and combustible gases, vapors or mists during normal operation. |
| DUST Zone 22 / Cat. 3D | Range in which an explosive atmosphere as a mixture of air and combustible gases, vapors or mists normally does not occur, or only briefly, during normal operation. |
Light Lexicon.
Candela is the unit of light intensity (see also light intensity)
Through the CE marking, a manufacturer documents or declares that the product manufactured or placed on the market complies with the applicable and essential requirements of certain European Union directives.
The color temperature (unit of measurement Kelvin (K)) describes the light color (see light color) of a light source. Characteristic light colors are:
| Color temperature in Kelvin | Light color |
| under 3300K | warm white |
| 3300K - 6000K | neutral white |
| over 5000K | daylight white |
A diffuser film is a light-diffusing / light-distributing PC film optimized for use with LED lamps. It ensures homogeneous scattering of the point light of LEDs.
Fluorescent lamps and also gas discharge lamps are operated with a ballast because the lamps are not suitable for direct connection to the mains. A distinction is made between conventional ballasts (see also KVG) and electronic ballasts (ECG) The KVG usually consists only of a choke coil and a starter. On the other hand, depending on the design, an electronic ballast usually consists of several electrical components and operates the fluorescent lamp in a different way than a CCG. Advantages of the electronic ballast: higher energy efficiency, u.U. Control and stepless dimming possible, longer lamp life through gentle warm start.
ATEX and EX luminaires are equipment approved for areas of the gas EX and dust EX zones according to the ATEX directive 2014/35 / EU. For which ATEX areas the respective equipment can be used, the ATEX marking shows which i.d.R. mounted on the equipment.
The term "general lighting" defines the uniform, uniform illumination of a room and serves for orientation and clarity.
Illuminance indicates how much light is projected onto a specific area. The unit of measure is given in lux. A lux results when a lumen illuminates an area of one square meter evenly. To determine the illuminance, a luxmeter is needed.
| Code number 1 - Protection against foreign bodies | Code number 2 - Protection against water | |||
| 0 | No protection | 0 | No protection | |
| 1 | Protection against solid foreign bodies with Ø > 50mm | 1 | Protection against dripping water | |
| 2 | Protection against solid foreign bodies witht Ø > 12,5mm | 2 | Protection against falling dripping water (up to 15% inclination of the equipment) | |
| 3 | Protection against solid foreign bodies with Ø > 2,5mm | 3 | Protection against water spray (up to 60 ° to the vertical) | |
| 4 | Protection against solid foreign bodies with Ø > 1mm | 4 | Protection against splashing water (from any direction) | |
| 5 | Protection against dust (in damaging amount) | 5 | Protection against water jets (any angle) | |
| 6 | Dustproof | 6 | Protection against strong jet water | |
| 7 | Protection against temporary submersion | |||
| 8 | Waterproof | |||
LED stands as an abbreviation for light Emitting Diodes. These are electronic semiconductor devices, which are available in different colors, sizes and designs. By applying electrical voltage light in different colors (blue, green, yellow or red) can be generated. White light is generated by appropriate color mixing. Benefits of LED lighting include: low energy consumption, long life, high color stability, vibration insensitive, maintenance free.
In electrically operated incandescent lamps, the light or its radiation is generated by heating a filament. The filament is located in a glass bulb which is filled with gas. (in some lamp types also evacuated glass bulb). Most of the energy required to operate the lamp is dissipated as heat. Only about 5% is converted into visible light. As a result, incandescent bulbs within the EU were phased out from 2009 to 2012.
About the light color, the color of a light source is defined or described. It serves to characterize the light source. This makes it easier to compare in particular fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps and LEDs in terms of color.
| Color temperature in Kelvin | Light color |
| under 3300K | warm white |
| 3300K - 6000K | neutral white |
| over 5000K | daylight white |
The light intensity is measured in the unit candela (cd), and indicates how much luminous flux is attributed to a specific solid angle. The light intensity of light bulbs is distributed almost in all directions and is thus uniform. LED lamps, on the other hand, do not emit the same amount of light in all directions. In these lamps, the light intensity is meaningful only in conjunction with the corresponding beam angle. At different radiation angles and the same luminous flux (lumen), the luminous intensity of the luminaire with the smaller radiation angle is higher.
Lumen (Lm) is the unit of luminous flux. The lumen value allows conclusions to be drawn about the brightness of a light source. It indicates how much light is emitted from the light source in all directions.
Lux is the unit of measure of illuminance. (see illuminance). This indicates how much light falls on a defined area. To measure the illuminance, a luxmeter is needed.
The light output or light direction of a lamp can be influenced by the introduction of a reflector (glossy or high-gloss) in a luminaire.
By means of a workplace lighting, additional light is made available to a separate place (single workplace / workplace) within a room. (e.g., additional lighting at machine workstations, laboratory and electronics workstations, office workplaces, etc.)